Problematic Short-Form Video Use, Instant Gratification, Impulsivity, and Psychological Distress Among Slovak University Students

Abstract

This quantitative cross-sectional study investigates the relationships between problematic short-form video use, impulsivity, the tendency toward instant gratification, and psychological distress (depression, anxiety, stress) among Slovak university students specializing in media and communication—a group expected to exhibit above-average media literacy. Data were collected from 338 students using validated psychological instruments (SVA scale, Delay Discounting Tasks, NCIS, DASS-21). Results showed that problematic consumption is moderately prevalent, with significant associations with higher impulsivity (especially self-control deficits) and increased psychological distress, supporting the view of digital video platforms as potential maladaptive coping tools. Surprisingly, even among these digitally proficient students, higher media literacy and daily exposure to digital content did not serve as protective factors—problematic use and its psychological correlates were present to a similar degree as described in general youth populations. Platform differences were minor, although TikTok users showed more homogeneous risk profiles. The study underscores the importance of focusing on personality factors rather than presumed digital competences in digital wellbeing and prevention strategies. Limitations regarding sample homogeneity and the self-report method are acknowledged, and further research with more diverse groups and objective behavioral measures is recommended.